Latest Developments in Global Climate Change - Issue 100

Latest developments in Global Climate Change

Eliza Chan Man-yee

According to the latest data released by the World Meteorological Organization, the global average surface temperature was about 1.44°C above the pre-industrial (1850-1900) levels. The past 11 years (2015-2025) have been the warmest 11 years on record globally, and the past three years (2023-2025) have been the warmest three years on record globally.

Research indicates that the ocean heat content in the upper 2000 metres of the global oceans reached a record high in 2025. Furthermore, during the same period, the average Arctic and Antarctic sea ice extents were the second and third lowest on record, respectively.

The above data all indicate that climate change continued affecting the globe in 2025. To effectively mitigate its impacts, the world must act immediately to significantly reduce greenhouse gas emissions.

Change in global mean surface temperature relative to the 1850–1900 average
（Source: World Meteorological Organization）